Experimental Investigation of Square Pin Fins Geometry Variations with Aligned and Staggered Arrangements Under Forced Convection Heat Transfer

Authors

  • Nimesh Limbasiya Department of Mechanical Engineering, Marwadi Education Foundation Group of Institutes, Rajkot, India
  • Sagar Mane Deshmukh Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59535/faase.v3i2.622

Keywords:

Pin Fin, Convective Heat Transfer, Effectiveness, Efficiency

Abstract

This research was conducted to determine the heat transfer characteristics of pin fins with variations in square, diamond, and combination (diamond-square) geometries. The heat transfer that occurs in the pin fins is a type of forced convection heat transfer. The research experiment used a TD1005 free and forced convection equipment with inline and staggered pin fin arrangement. The dimensions of the pin fin used are a height of 73 mm and a side of 10 mm, and a base plate measuring 101 mm x 101 mm. The material used is type 6061 aluminum. The maximum convection coefficient values for all power variations are in variations of square geometry and staggered arrangement, as well as for the Nusselt number, which has the same correlation with the convection coefficient results. The performance of the use of fins indicated on the effectiveness value for all variations suggests that it is suitable for use on the device, however, the efficiency of the pins demonstrates that the combination (diamond-square) for aligned and staggered arrangement produces the best results.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

X. Wang, U. Djakovic, H. Bao, and J. F. Torres, “Experimental evaluation of heat transfer performance under natural and forced convection around a phase change material encapsulated in various shapes,” Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, vol. 44, Apr. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.seta.2021.101025.

M. Mirmanto, S. Syahrul, and Y. Wirdan, “Experimental performances of a thermoelectric cooler box with thermoelectric position variations,” Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 177–184, Feb. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.jestch.2018.09.006.

Y. K. Prajapati, “Influence of fin height on heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of rectangular microchannel heat sink,” Int J Heat Mass Transf, vol. 137, pp. 1041–1052, Jul. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.04.012.

H. M. Ali et al., “Thermal management of electronics: An experimental analysis of triangular, rectangular and circular pin-fin heat sinks for various PCMs,” Int J Heat Mass Transf, vol. 123, pp. 272–284, Aug. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.02.044.

Y. Wang, K. Zhu, Z. Cui, and J. Wei, “Effects of the location of the inlet and outlet on heat transfer performance in pin fin CPU heat sink,” Appl Therm Eng, vol. 151, pp. 506–513, Mar. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.02.030.

E. Rasouli, C. Naderi, and V. Narayanan, “Pitch and aspect ratio effects on single-phase heat transfer through microscale pin fin heat sinks,” Int J Heat Mass Transf, vol. 118, pp. 416–428, Mar. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2017.10.105.

X. Jia, X. Zhai, and X. Cheng, “Thermal performance analysis and optimization of a spherical PCM capsule with pin-fins for cold storage,” Appl Therm Eng, vol. 148, pp. 929–938, Feb. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.11.105.

J. Xu, K. Zhang, J. Duan, J. Lei, and J. Wu, “Systematic comparison on convective heat transfer characteristics of several pin fins for turbine cooling,” Crystals (Basel), vol. 11, no. 8, Aug. 2021, doi: 10.3390/cryst11080977.

S. B. Puplampu, A. Siriruk, A. Sharma, and D. Penumadu, “Multiaxial deformation behavior of aluminum alloy 6061 subjected to fire damage,” Mechanics of Materials, vol. 159, Aug. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.mechmat.2021.103885.

D. Liang, W. Chen, Y. Ju, and M. K. Chyu, “Comparing endwall heat transfer among staggered pin fin, Kagome and body centered cubic arrays,” Appl Therm Eng, vol. 185, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.116306.

Q. Ren, P. Guo, and J. Zhu, “Thermal management of electronic devices using pin-fin based cascade microencapsulated PCM/expanded graphite composite,” Int J Heat Mass Transf, vol. 149, Mar. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.119199.

L. Chen, R. G. A. Brakmann, B. Weigand, R. Poser, and Q. Yang, “Detailed investigation of staggered jet impingement array cooling performance with cubic micro pin fin roughened target plate,” Appl Therm Eng, vol. 171, May 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115095.

A. Sakanova and K. J. Tseng, “Comparison of pin-fin and finned shape heat sink for power electronics in future aircraft,” Appl Therm Eng, vol. 136, pp. 364–374, May 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.03.020.

D. Qiu, L. Luo, Z. Zhao, S. Wang, Z. Wang, and B. Sundén, “On heat transfer and flow characteristics of jets impingement on a concave surface with varying pin-fin arrangements,” International Journal of Thermal Sciences, vol. 170, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2021.107163.

A. M. Ranjbar, Z. Pouransari, and M. Siavashi, “Improved design of heat sink including porous pin fins with different arrangements: A numerical turbulent flow and heat transfer study,” Appl Therm Eng, vol. 198, Nov. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.117519.

M. Karami, S. Tashakor, A. Afsari, and M. Hashemi-Tilehnoee, “Effect of the baffle on the performance of a micro pin fin heat sink,” Thermal Science and Engineering Progress, vol. 14, Dec. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.tsep.2019.100417.

M. P. Vasilev, R. S. Abiev, and R. Kumar, “Effect of circular pin-fins geometry and their arrangement on heat transfer performance for laminar flow in microchannel heat sink,” International Journal of Thermal Sciences, vol. 170, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2021.107177.

J. Xu, K. Zhang, J. Duan, J. Lei, and J. Wu, “Systematic comparison on convective heat transfer characteristics of several pin fins for turbine cooling,” Crystals (Basel), vol. 11, no. 8, Aug. 2021, doi: 10.3390/cryst11080977.

Z. Soleymani, M. Rahimi, M. Gorzin, and Y. Pahamli, “Performance analysis of hotspot using geometrical and operational parameters of a microchannel pin-fin hybrid heat sink,” Int J Heat Mass Transf, vol. 159, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2020.120141.

D. S. Wijayanto, Soenarto, M. B. Triyono, W. Prasetyo, and I. Widiastuti, “Analysis of Longitudinal Finned Pipes in Cross-Flow Heat Exchanger,” International Journal of Heat and Technology, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 1909–1916, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.18280/ijht.390627.

A. Hadipour, M. Rajabi Zargarabadi, and M. Dehghan, “Effect of micro-pin characteristics on flow and heat transfer by a circular jet impinging to the flat surface,” J Therm Anal Calorim, vol. 140, no. 3, pp. 943–951, May 2020, doi: 10.1007/s10973-019-09232-2.

A. Arshad, H. M. Ali, W. M. Yan, A. K. Hussein, and M. Ahmadlouydarab, “An experimental study of enhanced heat sinks for thermal management using n-eicosane as phase change material,” Appl Therm Eng, vol. 132, pp. 52–66, Mar. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.12.066.

H. Babar, H. Wu, H. M. Ali, and W. Zhang, “Hydrothermal performance of inline and staggered arrangements of airfoil shaped pin-fin heat sinks: A comparative study,” Thermal Science and Engineering Progress, vol. 37, p. 101616, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.tsep.2022.101616.

Y. Li, L. Gong, M. Xu, and Y. Joshi, “Enhancing the performance of aluminum foam heat sinks through integrated pin fins,” Int J Heat Mass Transf, vol. 151, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2020.119376.

Downloads

Published

2025-12-31

How to Cite

Nimesh Limbasiya, & Sagar Mane Deshmukh. (2025). Experimental Investigation of Square Pin Fins Geometry Variations with Aligned and Staggered Arrangements Under Forced Convection Heat Transfer. Frontier Advances in Applied Science and Engineering, 3(2), 116–125. https://doi.org/10.59535/faase.v3i2.622

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)

Section

Short Communication

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Nimesh Limbasiya, Sagar Mane Deshmukh

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

By submitting a manuscript to Frontier Advances in Applied Science and Engineering (FAASE), the author(s) agree to the following terms:

  1. Copyright: The author(s) retain copyright to their work, granting Frontier Advances in Applied Science and Engineering (FAASE) the right to publish it. Articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY).

  2. License Grant: The CC BY license allows others to share and adapt the work for any purpose, even commercially, provided proper attribution is given to the original author(s) and the source, a link to the Creative Commons license is provided, and any changes made are indicated.

  3. Author's Rights: Authors are allowed to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work, with proper acknowledgment of its initial publication in Frontier Advances in Applied Science and Engineering (FAASE).

  4. Permissions: Reproduction, posting, transmission, or other distribution or use of the final published article, in whole or in part, requires prior written permission from Frontier Advances in Applied Science and Engineering (FAASE) and the respective author(s).

  5. Attribution: Proper attribution must be given to the original author(s) and the source, indicating that the work was originally published in Frontier Advances in Applied Science and Engineering (FAASE) with a link to the published article.

  6. No Warranty: The journal and its editorial team make no representations or warranties regarding the accuracy, completeness, or fitness for a particular purpose of the published work.

  7. Dispute Resolution: Any disputes arising from the use of the licensed material shall be governed by the laws of [Jurisdiction] without regard to conflicts of law principles.

By submitting a manuscript to FAASE, the author(s) agree to abide by these license terms and grant the necessary rights to Frontier Advances in Applied Science and Engineering (FAASE) for the publication and dissemination of the submitted work.